5^th International Conference on Parasitology & Microbiology July 12-13, 2018 Paris, France

Faika Hassanein is a Lecturer of Microbiology and Immunology in the Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing-Pharos University in Alexandria (PUA). She is a Coordinator in the Quality Assurance Center in the PUA. She has awarded as Distinguished Scientist in VIRA- India. She has her expertise in diagnosis of the parasites especially opportunistic parasites. She has experience in the public health and prevention and control of parasitic infections. Also, she is interested in Immunology, Biotechnology and Molecular Biology especially Molecular Parasitology. She had studied Biochemistry, Forensic Chemistry, Analytical Biochemistry, Tropical Health (Parasitology and Medical Entomology) and now she is studying Biotechnology

Background: Wastewater contains micro-organisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites) derived from human and animal excreta that can cause infections especially if work practice and personal protective equipment don\'t protect workers from contacting these microbes. \r\n\r\nAim: The aim of this present work was to study the occupational health impact from some microbial hazards on municipal sewage workers. \r\n\r\nMethods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2016, on workers from different sectors in Alexandria Governorate, Egypt. Stool samples collected were subjected to the Kato-Katz, Ether concentration techniques, Jones’ Media culture, modified Ziehl-Neelsen and quick hot Gram-chromotrope staining. Stool samples were also tested for H. pylori Ag. Serum was separated from blood samples to detect HCV antibodies and HBVsAg. \r\n\r\nResults: Out of the 410 workers examined, 56.8% were suffering from intestinal parasitic infections (IPI), 12.2% had hepatitis mainly HCV (9.8%) while 31.2% harbored H. pylori Protozoal infections amounted to 54.6% while 5.9% only had helminthic infections. Blastocystis hominis infection was the most prevalent (46.8%) followed by Cryptosporidium, E. histolytica and microsporidium (15.6%, 11.7% and 7.8% respectively). 25.6% of workers presented with single intestinal parasitic infection while 30.5% had multiple IPI. Significant higher rates of IPI and H. pylori were observed among workers frequently contacting sewage. Also, IPI was statistically higher among young workers (<40 years) while hepatitis was significantly more prevalent among those from rural areas. \r\n\r\nConclusions: Sewage workers were found to be vulnerable to infections (70.5%), particularly IPI. Our findings call for the importance of the self- protection measures that should go hands-in-hands with regular investigation and treatment\r\n

Nabi M Nge has completed her MSc from the University of Westminster, London, in 2005 and currently, pursuing her PhD in the University of Calabar, Nigeria. She is a Research Associate in the Cameroon Society for Quality Analysis/Diagnosis, Rural Development Management (CSQARDEM). She has published two articles in reputed journals

Single nucleotide polymorphism in Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein gene (Pfcsp) T cell epitope determines haplotype diversity thus; it may affect haplotype distribution in different populations. Pfcsp T cell epitope haplotype diversity increases over time but its distribution in target subpopulations remains unknown. To assess the pattern of haplotype distribution and its age in a population; haplotypes and their frequencies were identified in children with uncomplicated malaria placed in two age groups. Haplotypes evolutionary history was then determined. This paper suggests the effect of increase in haplotype diversity over time on its distribution pattern in intense transmission regions. A high genetic diversity was observed from 52 sequences (0.923) resulting in 24 haplotypes; nine haplotypes were unique to this study population. Four haplotypes accounting for 48% were predominant in the general population (Cam1065-(17.3%), Gm06-(11.5%), Cam1028-(9.6%) and E12-(9.6%)); Gm06 was common in < 5 years age group (p=0.0299) and Cam1028 in the 5-11 years age group (p=0.0243). The two age groups showed different predominant haplotypes (p = 0.0000002) which seems to occur differently in the population. Cam1065, Gm06 and 7G8 predominant in the < 5 years category seems to be older in the population than Cam1028, E12 and Ken426 predominant in the 5-11 years group (Middle vs top of a rooted phylogenetic tree). There appears to be a time-dependent age distribution pattern of predominant Pfcsp T cell epitope haplotypes in intense transmission areas. This emphasizes the need for continued exploration of haplotype distribution patterns and its effects in intense transmission regions

Amany Ibrahim Shehata Hassan is an Assistant Professor of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt. She has got her PhD degree in Public Health majoring “Parasitology and Medical Entomology” from the above institute in February 2002. She has been working in that institute since 1990. She is an expert in field studies concerning endemic parasitic diseases in Egypt, especially among vulnerable population groups as mentally challenged individuals. She published many papers in reputed journals. She was nominated by the WHO to participate in the course: “Capacity Building in Research Methods and Ethics” which was organized by WHO & TDR & IPT, in Tunisia in 2016

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous protozoan parasite that is estimated to infect one-third of the world\'s human population. In the quest of a suitable diagnostic tool for detection of T. gondii antibodies, the rapid immunochromatographic test has been validated versus the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique for diagnosing toxoplasmosis among individuals with mental disabilities.\r\n\r\nMethod: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Alexandria governorate, Egypt during the period from December 2015 to May 2016. Blood samples were collected from 188 mental disabled individuals. The first aliquot was tested by the rapid diagnostic test (RDT), the 2nd and 3rd aliquots were tested quantitatively for anti –T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies using ELISA test. \r\n\r\nResults: The seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis based on RDT was 26.6% and it significantly increased to 48.9% by using ELISA. The diagnostic parameters of RDT versus ELISA for IgG were: sensitivity 54.4%, specificity 100%, PPV 100%, NPV 69.6% with a diagnostic efficiency of 77.7%, while for IgM were: sensitivity 29.03%, specificity 100%, PPV 100%, NPV 87.7% and diagnostic efficiency 88.3%. Cohen\'s kappa coefficients were 0.549 and 0.406 for IgG and IgM respectively indicating good to moderate agreement between the two tests for detecting IgG and poor to fair agreement for IgM. \r\n\r\nConclusion: Although RDT is inferior compared to ELISA, its speed, simplicity, low cost, high specificity and its good diagnostic efficiency in detecting IgG make it an important preliminary screening tool for diagnosing toxoplasmosis in remote endemic areas where facilities for ELISA are not available\r\n