Liqing M A
Qinghai University, China
Title: Cryptosporidium and Giardia in drinking water and waste water reservoirs in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau Area (TPA) in Qinghai Province, NW of China
Biography
Biography: Liqing M A
Abstract
Investigations about degree of contamination of drinking and waste waters in Qinghai Province are rare. Between June 2014 and June 2016, in total 421 samples from drinking water (n=158) reservoirs and slaughter house waste water (n=263) have been collected and investigated by IFT and nPCR for Cryptosporidium and Giardia oocysts contamination. 39 out of the 421 samples were positive for Cryptosporidium and 3 out of 421 samples were positive for Giardia spp., by IFT. Using nPCR, 35 out of the 421 samples were positive for Cryptosporidium and 54 out of 421 positive for Giardia spp. All positive samples have been subjected to sequencing. 27 out of 35 positive by PCR for Cryptosporidium have been sequenced. After sequencing the following species have been identified: Cryptosporidium andersoni; C. struthioni ,C. hominis; C. environmental unknown species; C. parvum; C. viatorum. 41 out of 54 Giardia positive by PCR have been sequenced, all the identified species belong to the Giardia lamblia Assemblage 2. These research investigations are still ongoing. This study reveals a significant contamination of municipal slaughter waste water effluents. A great portion of oocysts still reaches the environment daily with the discharge of untreated effluent into the water body, resulting in risks of parasite transmission to humans and animals. The high density of parasites in the investigated sewage sludge represents a high threat for public health and highlights the need of control of effluents and sludge from municipal slaughter house waste waters. Adequate sanitation on site is urgently needed.